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Kaddish

by Rabbi Simon Jacobson

  

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I am G-d Who lifted you out of Egypt to be your G-d. Therefore be holy since I am holy (Leviticus 11:45)  

Is there anything more powerful than death?

Attempts to beat mortality have consumed man from the beginning of time. The Pharaoh’s of old tried to achieve immortality through embalmment. Today some are trying through cryogenic freezing. Even our cosmetics industry, botox and all, is part of the timeless quest desperately searching for the “fountain of youth,” anything that can arrest the aging process.

These efforts have only been accentuated by the human fear of death. Some argue that the fear of death is the root of all fears, and the driving force that shapes most (if not all) of our ambitions to leave a lasting mark on the universe; to be remembered even after death.

Indeed, some religions and philosophies feel that the refusal of human beings to acknowledge the imminence of death and impermanence is a fundamental cause of the confusion and ignorance that prevents spiritual progress. Spiritual growth, they believe, is achieved not by cowering from death, but by confronting it head on. They therefore proscribe an elaborate strategy to incorporate into daily life the mindfulness of death, to seriously engage the truth of impermanence and, in turn, to comprehend the true nature of human existence.

But after all the attempts, and after everything is said and done, nothing seems to be able to beat death.  

And so I thought. Until… Until I lost my father and began saying Kaddish for him every day – 16 times a day on average, for a total of 5212 times during these past eleven months1 – the traditional period for saying Kaddish after a parent, which my siblings and I have just concluded.  

Death is a profound personal experience – perhaps the most defining one in our entire lives. As such, each of us experiences Kaddish differently
Kaddish has many meanings and many benefits. The Talmudists explain how it protects the soul from harsh judgments; how it serves as a merit to the life of the departed. The mystics explain how it helps the soul elevate from level to level, from world to world.  

Following the death of his father, Leon Wieseltier wrote his fascinating journal-like book, Kaddish, documenting his personal Kaddish journey, juxtaposed over his research in the background and sources of the Kaddish prayer.  

Death is a profound personal experience – perhaps the most defining one in our entire lives. As such, each of us experiences Kaddish differently.  

I will therefore briefly share one aspect of my subjective journey.  

But first let us look at the actual Kaddish text:

Yeetgadal v'yeetkadash sh'mey rabbah - Exalted and hallowed be His great Name.
B'almah dee v'rah kheer'utey - throughout the world which He has created according to His will.
v' yamleekh malkhutei, v’yatzmach purkonei vikorov mishichei - May He establish His kingship, give blossom to His redemption and hasten  His Messiah.
b'chahyeykhohn, uv' yohmeykhohn, uv'chahyei d'chohl beyt Yisrael, - in your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel,
ba'agalah u'veez'man kareev, v'eemru: Amein. - speedily and soon. And say: Amen.
Y'hey sh'mey rabbah m'varach l'alam u'l'almey almahyah. - May His great Name be blessed forever and to all eternity.
Yeet'barakh, v'yeesh'tabach, v'yeetpa'ar, v'yeetrohmam, v'yeet'nasei, - Blessed and praised, glorified, exalted and extolled,
v' yeet'hadar, v' yeet'aleh, v' yeet'halal sh'mey d'kudshah b'reekh hoo - honored, upraised and lauded be the Name of the Holy One, Blessed be He
L'eylah meen kohl beerkhatah v'sheeratah, - beyond all the blessings and songs,
toosh'b'chatah v'nechematah, da'ameeran b'al'mah, v'eemru: Amein - praises and consolations that are uttered in the world. And say: Amen. Y'hei shlamah rabbah meen sh'mahyah,v'chahyeem tovim aleynu - May there be abundant peace from Heaven, and a good life for us
v'al kohl yisrael, v'eemru: Amein - and for all Israel. And say: Amen.
Oseh shalom beem'roh'mahv, hoo ya'aseh shalom, - He Who makes peace in His heights, may He make peace,
aleynu v'al kohl yisrael v'eemru: Amein - for us and for all Israel. And say: Amen.

Footnotes

  • 1. The calculation of 5212 was deduced this way: Our custom (Chabad) is to say Kaddish (at least) 16 times each weekday (as the Rebbe Rashab writes): 8 times in the morning service; 4 times both in the afternoon and evening service. Additionally, we say Kaddish one more time after the Psalms in the morning and before the Amidah in the evening, totaling 18 times Kaddish each weekday. On Shabbat, Holidays and Rosh Chodosh, when we don’t lead the minyan, we say Kaddish 9-13 times daily. On Erev Shabbat, Yom Tov and Rosh Chodosh, we say Kaddish 15 times (with some exceptions). On the Shabbat when we bless the New Month and Yom Kippur eve another 5 times Kaddish is said, following each of the five books of Psalms. Throughout the year (eleven months minus one day) since the passing, there were 189 weekdays, 133 days of Shabbat, Holidays and Rosh Chodosh (some days overlap with each other), including Erev (the day preceding) Shabbat, holidays and Rosh Chodosh, 11 Shabbat Mevorchim’s and 1 Yom Kippur. Accordingly, the resulting totals for the entire year are: 189 x 18 = 3402 133 x 13 = 1729 + 21 (to cover for the days when Kaddish is said more than 13 times) = 1750 12 x 5 = 60. (It is Chabad custom that the mourner will lead the prayers, hence the higher number of kaddishes.)

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Moses
[Hebrew pronunciation: Moshe] Greatest prophet to ever live. Led the Jews out of Egyptian bondage amidst awesome miracles; brought down the Tablets from Mount Sinai; and transmitted to us word-for-word the Torah he heard from G-d's mouth. Died in the year 1272 BCE.
Leviticus
The third of the Five Books of Moses. This book deals with the service (of the Levite Tribe) in the Tabernacle, and contains many of the 613 commandments.
Kaddish
A prayer sanctifying G-d's name which is sprinkled throughout the daily prayers and is recited by the leader of the services. This prayer is also recited by mourners during the first year of mourning, and on the anniversary of the death.
Yisrael
1. Additional name given by G-d to Patriarch Jacob. 2. A Jew who is not a Kohain or Levi (descendant of the Tribe of Levi).
G-d
It is forbidden to erase or deface the name of G-d. It is therefore customary to insert a dash in middle of G-d's name, allowing us to erase or discard the paper it is written on if necessary.