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Do we fast on Yom Kippur when it falls out on Shabbat?

by Rabbi Naftali Silberberg

  

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We do fast when Yom Kippur coincides with Shabbat (this being one of the differences between Yom Kippur and other fasts). Since Yom Kippur is a biblical fast, and the Torah calls it "Shabbat Shabbaton" - the Shabbat of Shabbats - this implies that it takes precedence over Shabbat.

Ordinarily Shabbat takes precedence over fast days and we do not fast on that day. The fast is usually pushed off until Sunday (or in one instance -- the Fast of Esther -- it is observed on the Thursday beforehand, because the day after Shabbat, Sunday, will be Purim).

When Yom Kippur is on Shabbat there are no Shabbat meals, and no Kiddush. (The meal before Yom Kippur is not considered the Friday night meal, and no Kiddush is made). When we light the candles before sunset the blessing mentions Yom Kippur and Shabbat. See here for blessing.


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Shabbat
(pl: Shabbatot). Hebrew word meaning "rest." It is a Biblical commandment to sanctify and rest on Saturday, the seventh day of the week. This commemorates the fact that after creating the world in six days, G-d rested on the seventh.
Torah
Torah is G–d’s teaching to man. In general terms, we refer to the Five Books of Moses as “The Torah.” But in truth, all Jewish beliefs and laws are part of the Torah.
Yom Kippur
Day of Atonement. This late-autumn high-holiday is the holiest day of the year. We devote this day to repentance and all healthy adults are required to fast.
Purim
A one-day holiday celebrated in late winter commemorating the miraculous deliverance of the Jewish people from a decree of annihilation issued by Persian King Ahasuerus in the year 356 BCE.
Kiddush
Prayer recited at the beginning of the Sabbath or Holiday meal--both the evening and afternoon meals. This prayer, acknowledging the sanctity of the day, is recited over a cup of wine or grape juice.
Esther
1. Jewish wife of Persian King Ahasuerus in the 4th century BCE. Foiled the plot of Haman, the prime minister, to exterminate all the Jews. The holiday of Purim commemorates this miraculous salvation. 2. One of the 24 Books of the Bible, which chronicles the abovementioned story.